The Creation Of The Great White Fleet And Its Effect On...

Natalie Wynn Pamela Yates American History II 16 February 2015 The Creation of the Great White Fleet and its Effect on World Affairs Theodore Roosevelt was renowned for his foreign policy that stated: speak softly and carry a big stick. This meant that Roosevelt handled foreign affairs with a tranquil state of mind, but also threatened with the military if things did not go as planned. Roosevelt utilized this ideology to navigate America in the right direction. The Great White Fleet abided by this policy, specifically. From 1907 to 1909, the fleet sailed the seas and made history. Not only did this publicity stunt grant America the respect Roosevelt had hoped for, but it also altered world affairs significantly. The beginnings of the†¦show more content†¦If the cruise was a success, Roosevelt believed that this endeavor would provide the United States with a prime example of a powerful and well-trained navy, but he also thought the good outcome of the event would allow him to expand the fleet with four complimentary ships. This would allow for more exploration and time overseas to invest ourselves in the affairs of foreign countries. Though the intent to prove America’s worth was strong, there were several other underlying concepts as well. The need to acquire more experience was imperative and it would strengthen the naval forces for any future battles. The various legs of the journey allowed the naval crew to gain the practice they needed to strengthen their expertise; however, the length of the deployment made some shudder with uncertainty. Unfortunately, several obstacles were faced during the plight to gain naval experience. The great length that the fleet would have to travel would call for several stops in order to satisfy the need for coal (consumption of coal was also an area the naval crew needed to brush up on) and docking facilities. There were also issues for the ships that flew the American flag. Roosevelt intervened with supply contracts, but a vast majority of carriers did not comply with this offer because they were incapable of acquiring the proper amount of cargo to pay for the trip back. Nevertheless, theShow MoreRelated Franklin D. Roosevelt: An Influential Leader Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesFra nklin D. Roosevelt: An Influential Leader Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) was a man of unusual charm and great optimism, which he was able to communicate to others. He had a broad smile and was a charismatic optimist whose confidence helped sustain the nation through its darkest moments during crisis like the Great Depression and World War II. He became one of the most beloved of U.S. presidents for four terms in office. But beneath his outward friendliness was an inner reserve and an ironRead MoreEssay on Franklin D. Roosevelt: an Influential Leader1333 Words   |  6 PagesFranklin D. Roosevelt: An Influential Leader Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) was a man of unusual charm and great optimism, which he was able to communicate to others. He had a broad smile and was a charismatic optimist whose confidence helped sustain the nation through its darkest moments during crisis like the Great Depression and World War II. He became one of the most beloved of U.S. presidents for four terms in office. But beneath his outward friendliness was an inner reserve andRead MoreThe United States And Foreign Policy Essay4400 Words   |  18 Pagessociety the United States is at the forefront of global affairs. Moreover, scholars have argued that after the First World War, American hegemony led a path for a liberalized world, where cooperation and harmonious institutions unit the world. However, the United States historically has never been this type of hegemonic leader. Rather from their conception as a nation they had a foreign policy which isolated them from foreign affairs of the world, from President Was hington to President Glover no presidentRead MoreA Day Of Infamy Or Deceit?3950 Words   |  16 Pagesseries of actions into a situation where they felt like they had no other choice but to attack the United States. All of these events took place long before the actual attack on Pearl Harbor and ultimately shaped the fate of the United States and the world. In this paper, I will employ various sources such as memorandums and correspondence between some of President Roosevelt’s closest advisors and detailed collections of information by expert historians to prove that President Roosevelt did not provokeRead MoreJapanese Attack On Pearl Harbor Essay1825 Words   |  8 Pageswere moved to remote areas on the West Coast, where they were isolated in internment camps organized and run by the United States Government. Despite the lack of any concrete evidence, the U.S. forced Japanese-Americans into internment camps, during World War II, due to Japanese involvement in Pearl Harbor ; a rise in anti-Japanese paranoia sparked by economic success of Japanese-Americans; fear, anxiety and prejudice erupting within the United States government and amongst citizens; and a timid SupremeRead More Australian Aborigines Essay2568 Words   |  11 PagesAborigines are thought to have the longest continuous cultural history in the world. Yet, within a hundred years, the near extinction of the Aboriginal culture almost occurred. This single event, the invasion of the Australian continent by European settlers, changed the lifestyle, the culture, and the fate of Australian Aborigines. Their entire lives were essentially taken away and they were forced into a white, European world where the lifestyle change could not have been any different. Aborigines inRead MoreAmerican Revolution and Study Guide Essay example5377 Words   |  22 Pagesthe South with that of New England (10pts) Chapter 5 Study Guide â€Å"The Eve of Revolution† 1. Many immigrants poured into colonial America, yet â€Å"the land of opportunity† was not a world of equality and consensus. Explain why they continued to arrive to America. (10pts) 2. Assess the extent to which the Great Awakening, an intensely religious movement, contributed to the development of separation between church and state in America. (10pts) 3. Identify the short-term and long-term consequencesRead MoreFactors Affecting The United States4403 Words   |  18 PagesFINAL PAPER #1 1. What factors combined to attract great numbers of people to American cities? What were the characteristics of these migrants? How did these migrants change once they were in the United States? How did they change America, cities or otherwise? To put this in perspective, an observant and inquisitive fifth grade once asked her mother: Why does it seem as though Blacks, Hispanics, Chinese, and Europeans from Italy and Poland like living in cities? The racial composition cities in theRead MoreThe Airline Industry: Facing The Challenges Of The 21st Century20678 Words   |  83 Pages........................................................11 AIR TRANSPORT COSTS AND COMPETITION REGIMES...........................................13 AIR FREIGHT IN ASIAN MARKETS: BOOM OR BUST? ...............................................17 THE EFFECTS OF FARE SEGMENTATION FOR AIRLINE BOTTOM LINE .............23 UNDERSTANDING AIRLINE PRICING ............................................................................25 STATE OF THE U.S. COMMERCIAL AIRLINE INDUSTRY AND POSSIBLE ISSUES FOR CONGRESSIONALRead MoreApush Chapter 7 Outline Essay4627 Words   |  19 Pageshim to produce a body of work characterized with horror and deviant behavior. 6. Washington Irving, a resident of New York State who won wide acclaim for his satirical histories of early American life and his powerful fables of society in the New World. 7. Mercy Otis Warren continued her literary efforts with a three volume History of the Revolution, published in 1805 and emphasizing the heroism of the American struggle. 8. Mason Weems’ Life of Washington portrayed the aristocratic former president

Case Solutions For Personality Theories Workbook 6th...

Section 1 Learning and Applying the Theories Sigmund Freud Case Study 1 Application Questions Use Freud’s states of consciousness and stages of psychosexual development to help explain Hank’s behavior by answering the following questions. 1. What personality (or character) type does Hank display according to Freudian theory? Provide evidence for your answer. At what stage is Hank fixated, according to the Freudian perspective? Find evidence of fixation in the case study. What would have caused this fixation? Hank displays the oral aggressive personality as evidenced by his sarcasm and argumentative nature. There is evidence of fixation at the oral stage. It includes his chain smoking, continuous eating, and chewing on his†¦show more content†¦1. Does the Freudian perspective indicate that Steve’s relationships with women are internally or externally motivated? Which system of personality is most involved? How? Steve’s behavior is internally motivated and influenced primarily by the id, which works on the pleasure principle. 2. According to Freudian theory, is Steve aware of why he interacts with women on only a sexual basis? Which state of consciousness is most involved in controlling this behavior? Steve is not aware of his behavior because it is motivated unconsciously. 3. What type of Freudian psychic energy motivates Steve’s relationships with women? The libido motivates Steve’s behavior with women. 4. Which of Freud’s personality types does Steve display? What evidence is there for it? What would have caused it? Steve displays the phallic personality, as evidenced by his use of women for sex. An unresolved Oedipus Complex is the cause. 5. At what Freudian stage is Steve fixated? What evidence is there of it? Describe the stage and how it contributed to the fixation. What would have caused this fixation? Steve appears to be fixated at the phallic stage of development as evidenced by his using women for sex. (Have students describe the phallic stage including the Oedipus Complex.) This would have been caused by an unresolved Oedipus complex. 5. Others might express their behaviorShow MoreRelatedSolution Manual, Test Bank and Instructor Manuals34836 Words   |  140 Pagesneed any solution manual, testbank for testbooks from the list, do contact us anytime, we provide competitive prices and fast delivery after payment done. Contact us: smtbportal@gmail.com smtbportal(at)gmail(dot)com 2010 Corporate Partnership Estate and Gift Tax with HR Block TaxCut 4e Pratt Kulsrud Solution Manual 2010 Corporate Partnership Estate and Gift Tax with HR Block TaxCut 4e Pratt Kulsrud Test Bank 2010 Federal Taxation with HR Block TaxCut 4e Pratt Kulsrud Solution Manual

The Comparison of the Representations of the Native Americans Essay Example For Students

The Comparison of the Representations of the Native Americans Essay The initial interactions between the Native Americans and the British is one of the most romanticized subjects in literature and film. Many descriptions done by early writers like Christopher Columbus. John Smith and William Bradford. who experienced the brushs with the native people of America first manus. are now happening a new life in the modern movies and alive sketchs. All these plants of art create assorted representations of the Native Americans. Judging from my old experience with the standard portraiture of America’s native people in the films. which is demoing them as instead crude savages. the movie The New World ( 2005 ) presents one of the most realistic and indifferent descriptions skilfully done by manager Terence Malick. The movie is based on historical events go oning in Jamestown. VA. in 1607. when a group of dog-tired full-armored white colonists led by Captain Newport set pess on virgin lands of the new universe. go againsting the harmonious being of the Indians. John Smith was among the first colonists and played an of import function in set uping the new settlement at Jamestown. He left legion publications that provide us with his visions of the early life in the first settlements. for illustration. â€Å"The General History of Virginia. New England. and the Summer Isles† ( 1624 ) . â€Å"A description of New England† ( 1616 ) and â€Å"New England’s Trials† ( 1620. 1622 ) . Another writer who portions her position of the Indians and the history of their manner of life and manners is Mary Rowlandson. She was a Lancaster colonist. born in England. known for the record of her life among the Indians in the imprisonment published in 1628 under the rubric â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson† . While the John Smith’s and Mary Rowlandson’s descriptions of their interactions with the Native Americans are greatly influenced by the authors’ personal experiences and purposes. Terence Malick in his movie â€Å"The New World† makes an effort to state the candid and impartial narrative of the first brush of the English colonists with the native occupants. Smith writes in his 3rd book â€Å"The General History of Virginia. New England and the Summer Islands† : †Sixty or 70 of them. some black. some ruddy. some white. some parti-colored. came in a square order. vocalizing and dancing out of the woods†¦Ã¢â‚¬  ( 85 ) . Barely clothed. with painted faces and organic structures. they gathered around the fledglings. The similar scene can be seen in â€Å"The New World† film. when the Native Americans started to acquire acquainted with the British by creaming. touching. whiffing them. It’s interesting how the film emphasizes Smith’s esteem for â€Å"the naturals† since the first clip he meets them. and how stiffly he describes his feelings in his ain Hagiographas. His attitude towards the Indians can be merely seen in the overall tone of his narrative. In â€Å"The New World† Smith describes the folk he was kept confined in such a manner: â€Å"They are soft. loving. faithful. missing in all craft and hocus-pocus. The words denoting lying. fraudulence. greed. enviousness. slander. and forgiveness have neer been heard. They have no green-eyed monster. or sense of possession† . In â€Å"The General History of Virginia. New England and the Summer Islands† Smith calls them â€Å"barbarians† ( 87 ) and depict their expressions as â€Å"like devils† ( 89 ) . The Native Americans portrayed in the movie are peaceable and soft people. They are non evil. merely really different from the colonists. This doesn’t agree with Smith’s descriptions. which provide us with chilling portraitures of the Indians’ ceremonials: â€Å"A good clip they continued this exercising and so cast themselves in a ring. dancing in such several positions and sign language and shouting out such beastly notes and addresss ; being queerly painted†¦Ã¢â‚¬  ( 88 ) . The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemmingway Essayfarming. their houses are set between the beautiful trees. there’s a batch of green around them – all these gives an feeling of happy lives synchronized with natural milieus. The contrast scene introduces us to the atrocious environments the English had to last: the gate hides dirty. moist. and stripped of grass and trees yard. full of visibly ill kids and grownups. Such a contrast disrupts the negative representation of the Indians provided by John Smith and Mar Rowlandson and shows the native dwellers as pure kids of their lands. Works Cited McCartney. Martha. John Smith ( bap. 1580–1631 ) . Encyclopedia Virginia. Ed. Caitlin Newman. 21 Oct. 2012. Virginia Foundation for the Humanities. 13 Jun. 2012 hypertext transfer protocol: //www. EncyclopediaVirginia. org/Smith_John_bap_1580-1631 Smith. toilet. The General History of Virginia. New England. and the Summer Isles. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Gen. erectile dysfunction. Nina Baym. 8th erectile dysfunction. Vol. A. New York: Norton. 2012. 83-92. Print. N. A. â€Å"Memorable quotation marks for The New World ( 2005 ) † . The Internet Movie Database. IMDb. com. Inc. n. d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012 hypertext transfer protocol: //www. imdb. com/title/tt0402399/quotes Smith. John. A description of New England. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Gen. erectile dysfunction. Nina Baym. 8th erectile dysfunction. Vol. A. New York: Norton. 2012. 93-96. Print. Rowlandson. Mary. A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Gen. erectile dysfunction. Nina Baym. 8th erectile dysfunction. Vol. A. New York: Norton. 2012. 257-288. Print. Murray. Rebecca. Interview with Irene Bedard. Irene Bedard on â€Å"Pocahontas† and â€Å"The New World† pg. 2. About. com Hollywood films. 15 Oct. 2012 hypertext transfer protocol: //movies. about. com/od/interviewswithactors/a/bedard051005_2. htm.

Pestle Nike Essay Example

Pestle Nike Paper Nike is the leading footwear company in the world. PEST Analysis sums up how the companys business strategies fare in the macro environmental level. Nike, Inc. is an incorporated company that designs, develops and markets worldwide athletic footwear, apparel, equipment and accessories. Nike employs both traditional and non-traditional distribution channels in almost 200 countries with primary market regions in the United States, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Americas. Nike has some 20,000 retailers worldwide including Nike factory stores, Nike stores, NikeTowns, Cole Haan stores, and Web sites which sell Nikes sports and leisure products. Nike accounts for 33% of the global market share in the athletic footwear industry. Political Analysis The government must create economic policies that will foster the growth of businesses. Nike, fortunately, has been helped by the US policies which enable it to advance its products. The support accorded to Nike by the US government, particularly in the general macroeconomic stability, low interest rates, stable currency conditions and the international competitiveness of the tax system, form the foundation critical to Nike’s growth. Economic Analysis In economy, the biggest threat for Nike would be economic recession. During recession, Nike’s growth will be adversely affected. The US economy is experiencing a downturn right now. Consumer purchases are slowing down. Currently, Nikes feeling the pinch of the economic recession. The Asian economic crisis also affects Nike since its goods are manufactured in Asia. The labor costs and material prices are going up. Nikes growth is not just affected by the local economy but also in the international economy. We will write a custom essay sample on Pestle Nike specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pestle Nike specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pestle Nike specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A weak Euro and an Asian recession could mean weak sales for Nike. The overall results in the sales generated by Nike in athletic footwear, however, remained stable. The global market makes up for the variances in sales particularly between peak and lean seasons. Society Analysis People are more health conscious nowadays. Diet and health are getting more prominence. Consequently, more and more people are joining fitness clubs. There is an accompanying demand for fitness products particularly exercise apparel, shoes and equipment. Nike is at the forefront of this surge in demand as people are looking for sports shoes, apparel and equipment. Nike, however, failed to foresee problems brought about by a sweatshop expose pertaining to labor and factory conditions at production locations in Asia. This caused bad publicity and declining sales as society and consumers demand more socially responsible companies. Technology Analysis Nike uses IT in its marketing information systems very effectively. Nike applies marketing information systems to the economics of innovation, segmentation and differentiation for most of its businesses. Nike’s leadership status owes in large part to the use of extremely valuable Information Technology, and applying it to every aspect of the product from development to distribution. Nike, being the world leader in the athletic footwear industry, is able to effectively harness its environment to boost its marketing efforts. This strategy has translated into robust sales of Nikes products.

Musical Education and The Laws by Plato

Musical Education and The Laws by Plato This essay will open with several important quotes from The Laws by Plato, for example: â€Å"It is least acceptable when someone asserts that music should be judged by pleasure. If there should exist somewhere such a music, it should be sought as the least acceptable; what should be sought as serious is music that contains a resemblance to the imitation of the beautiful1†.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Musical Education and The Laws by Plato specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is another very interesting quote related to the definition of good music, namely, the Athenian stranger points out that the best music is the one that â€Å"pleases the man who is distinguished in virtue and education†2. These passages represent some of the Plato’s views on music, its evaluation, as well as importance for the city. Moreover, they can give us a good idea about Plato’s understanding of musical e ducation. First, one should say that this philosophical dialogue places emphasis on the importance of music for the development of a person. The Athenian stranger acknowledges that a person, â€Å"who is finely educated will be able to sing and dance†3. These skills have to be among the attributes of a person. Nonetheless, the main function of musical education is to channel or control the passions of an individual who must act a responsible citizen of the state. This is one of the reasons this text frequently makes connections between music and virtue. This discussion presented by Plato focuses on the effects of music on an individual, rather then skills. Furthermore, this philosophical work does not accept purely aesthetical view on art, and pleasure, which a person derives from it, is not the main criterion. Musical education must not focus only on performing skills; more likely, its purpose is to teach people to understand harmony and subsequently become harmonious. In th is context, such term as harmony can be interpreted as the agreement of opinion, action, and feeling. Hence, one can argue that music cannot be separated from moral education. This is one of the most important claims made in this dialogue. Nevertheless, this text does not identify the specific strategies of achieving the goals set by the author.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, such utilitarian interpretation of music may not be accepted by modern educators and musicians. Certainly, Plato’s dialogue does not focus only the music; however, this art occupies a very important place in this work. The second important aspect is the selection of music which is suitable for young people. The first quote presented in this essay can tell us much about the Plato’s views on musical education. This statement implies that the educators have to develop methods of a ssessing this art and decide what kind of music can be accepted or rejected. Judging from this dialogue, the selection of musical pieces must be entrusted to more or less elderly people who have achieved a significant status in the community and whose moral reputation cannot be questioned. This argument has very significant implications for musical education since it implies that not every kind of music is appropriate for educational purposes. The dialogue does not explain how these assessors of music will be trained and selected. Although, it is not explicitly stated by the author, this dialogue suggests musical education has to be under control of the state. This claim can certainly be disputed by contemporary readers of The Laws. The main issue is that this work does not explain who will educate the educators. This drawback can undermine Plato’s approach to musical or any other education. It should also be noted that at the time this dialogue was written musical education was closely tied to poetry4. This is one of the reasons why the discussion in the Laws often focuses on chorus singing. Thus, the educators must carefully choose the songs and verses that are suitable for the chorus. The Athenian stranger argues that these songs must be imitation of â€Å"noble†5 and good things. Again, this argument indicates that musical education must not be separated from morality and citizenship.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Musical Education and The Laws by Plato specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to this dialogue, the music has to represent a â€Å"close imitation of the beautiful†6. This statement suggests that there are some criteria for judging the aesthetic value of music. Yet, they are not properly specified. Therefore, modern day teachers can surely disagree with some Plato’s views on musical education. The key issue is that there are not strictly defined criteria distinguishing good music from bad music. Overall, the ultimate goal of musical education is to raise a person who is able to tame his/her passions and who always strives to rely on reason and arguments, rather than force or violence. Any form of aesthetic education must be subjected to the needs of the state and welfare of the citizens. This philosophical work tells us very little about the needs of an individual, and his/her emotional life. It is quite likely that The Laws will be criticized in the modern age of individualism. Admittedly, the ideas expressed in this treatise can surely be disputed by modern educators and musicians. There are several reasons for possible criticism. First of all, the author does not identify the specific criteria according to which one can evaluate music in terms of its appropriateness for educational purposes. For instance, one can point out that it is difficult to determine what kind of instrumental music can be appropriate for a young p erson. Secondly, the critics of Plato’s approach can argue that the evaluation suggested in The Laws is entirely subjective. Furthermore, modern composers and performers do not always reject purely aesthetic perspective of music. This work that we have discussed is aimed at connecting musical and moral education. It strives to single out the social roles played by music. This issue still remains interesting to modern musicologists and educators. Despite the fact that many arguments put forward in The Laws cannot be accepted nowadays, the questions raised by the author are still of great importance to educators. First, one still has to determine the goal of musical education, especially if we are speaking about children or adolescents. More importantly, many critics and performers still debate about the selection and evaluation of musical pieces, especially it is necessary to decide whether they are suitable for educational purposes.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To some extent, this debate can be traced to this work by Plato. Finally, we need to mention the main claim advanced in this philosophical treatise, namely the importance of musical education of the life of the community and virtuous behavior. Bibliography Lippman, E. A History of Western Musical Aesthetics. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994. Plato. The Laws. Translated by Thomas Pangle. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1988. Footnotes 1 Plato, The Laws, trans. Thomas Pangle. (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1988), 50 2 Ibid, 39 3 Ibid, 34 4 Lippman, E. A History of Western Musical Aesthetics. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994), 10. 5 Plato, The Laws, 53 6 Plato, The Laws, p 50

8 Jobs Where You Can Be Your Own Boss

8 Jobs Where You Can Be Your Own Boss working hard and never seeming to get anywhere? your salary doesn’t stretch that far and there are few raises on the horizon? your coworkers don’t seem to be pulling the same weight you are, and yet you feel totally stuck in the hamster wheel of the working world? maybe it’s time to consider being your own boss for once. this doesn’t need to be a pipe dream. there are careers out there in which you can determine your own salary, work on your own terms, and the sky can be the limit.here are 8 jobs where all this and more could be possible if you work hard enough.1. real estate agentyou’ll need at least a high school diploma, plus a real estate license, but then you can earn an average wage of between $50 and $111k per year. real estate agents work on commission, so the more properties you sell, the more you’ll make. houses, commercial buildings, plots of land, farms, you name it. if you can sell it, you can earn. and remember that commissions will be higher the higher the value of the property. focus on the high-end stuff and start raking it in.2. real estate brokerfor the same amount of education and training, you can make even more money (an average of $80-$167k per year). as a broker, you can sell properties yourself and also manage an agency of other sellers, earning a percentage of their sales and overseeing the business as a whole. in this job, the amount you can earn is almost limitless. start as an agent, and work your way up.3. medical device saleswith a bachelor’s degree- or just a high school diploma, you can earn an average of between $50 and $165k per year. as sales jobs go, this is one of the most complex. it requires a great deal of knowledge of the products, and a great talent for selling things to doctors and medical professionals who are wary of being sold to. you might also have to be trained in demonstrating your products in action. it’s a demanding and competitive field, but can be incr edible lucrative and flexible.4. freelance writingthe education required is utterly negotiable, but the rewards are high. if you have the talent, you have the opportunity to write all over the internet- from blogs to website content to articles, whatever you can find. the first jobs are often the hardest to find, but success builds more and more success.you’ll want to be familiar with blog platforms like wordpress and online media. once you get started, your only limit is the amount of time you can devote to writing more and more pieces.5. insurance sales agentyou’ll need a high school diploma or a bachelor’s degree, but the money can be excellent. some of these jobs pay a fairly standard salary, but some offer a smaller salary and the potential for enormous commissions. you’ll need to put your money where your mouth is and perform, but if you’re up for it, you can really make bank.6. sales manageryou’ll have to work your way up in sales fir st in order to get to this level, but you can nearly double your money if you’re good enough. you’ll manage your own sales team, but also have the ability to make sales on your own in addition. that means commissions for you, plus a percentage of your subordinates’ commissions. you’ll need to be a good leader as well, able to motivate people to perform almost as well as you.7.  personal finance advisoryou’ll need a bachelor’s degree, but you can make anywhere from an average of $118 to $153k per year. this is another job that works mostly on commissions. you’ll have to have a sound financial mind and a knowledge of how the market works, in order to help clients manage their investments, but it can pay off for you as well.8.  sales engineeryou’ll need a bachelor’s degree for this position as well, but the monetary potential is solid. sales engineers sell scientific and tech products to companies and corporations. youà ¢â‚¬â„¢ll need a good base in sales, plus the ability to manage relationships and assert your skills with confidence. public speaking, technical presentations, and sweet talking will stand you in good stead too.so if you’re drudging away for the man and don’t feel you’re earning up to your full potential, consider breaking free of the mold and taking the courageous steps towards building your own self-determined career.

Alice walker's everyday use (short story) Essay

Alice walker's everyday use (short story) - Essay Example It draws on critical views and opinions of literary analysts who have reviewed the book. In an overview of the whole story, Tate states that â€Å"Everyday use provides a strong narration about the evolution of the African-American society during the civil rights movements between the 1950s and 1970s† (309). This assertion is very true because the narration describes an African-American family divided into two social systems by the transition of Black people in America. One side of the family was living in the same cultural context that their ancestors had lived within for centuries whilst another had gotten the benefit of urban life and had encountered the civil rights movement and the need to build some African-American pride. Maggies lifestyle shows that she lacks confidence. When her sister visits, â€Å"...she will stand in the corner until she goes† (Walker 56). This means that she was timid and lacked self confidence. Her nature and traits as a relatively unattractive person who is accustomed to the trends in rural life made her a very localized individual steeped in the traditions of the rural south. The narrator, Grandmama however had a vision of seeing her other daughter, Dee make it to the highest levels in the city. She even dreamt that Dee will make it to the point that she will â€Å"embrace her on television† (Walker 57). According to Whitsitt, â€Å"every African-American mother in rural America wished that her children in the city will get the best in what they do and propel them to fame† (447). However, the narrator, Grandmama saw herself as a big woman with rough hands (Walker 57). This shows that she was accustomed to the old and traditional methods of life that her ancestors had lived in the south since the days of slavery. She was not in anyway â€Å"... courting the idea of losing weight and had the permanent traits of a woman who lived like the rural folks a hundred years earlier† (Kiszner & Mandell 81). Grandmama had a

COLLABORATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

COLLABORATION - Essay Example While collaboration is a necessary element of achieving group progress there are a number of conflicts that care arise during the collaborative process. In these regards, it’s possible that the group has personality conflicts that make teamwork difficult. Another conflict could occur if some group members do not do equal work to that of other group members. Still another potential conflict could occur if the group has creative difference and disagree on the direction of the group. There are a number of ways the group can solve these conflicts. In these regards, it’s important to engender an environment of mutual respect and consideration. Groups that are able to develop such chemistry are more apt to find success through an open and supportive collaborative process. Another helpful element would be for a leader to emerge that could mediate some of the conflicts within the group. Ultimately, group conflicts take on a myriad of forms and situational responses need to be d eveloped to these challenges in

My Future Essay Example for Free

My Future Essay In the future I see myself studying The Natural Science Program, hopefully with a friend through my years in High School. After school I want to study into becoming a doctor, probably in another country than Sweden, hopefully France, which will be interesting. It will probably take up a lot of my free time but it will be worth it in the end. I will probably study alongside a friend, having him as my roommate which hopefully will make my studies enjoyable. Hopefully I’ll have a beautiful girlfriend while I’m studying to encourage me alongside my mother. I wouldn’t like to get married until I’m like 25 years old, any younger I would consider it kind of weird and I would want to enjoy the bachelor life a while before getting married On my spare time I would go out and meet some French girls and hang out with some friends. I’d like my life to be adventurous and fun, but that would be kind of hard to achieve due to the fact that studying to a doctor would take up a lot of my time. After I have achieved the job as a doctor or if I achieve it I will buy a nice house and a nice car that hopefully will attract girls. ï Å  When or if I become a father I do not want to become the over protective type just because of the fact that I don’t like when my parents behave that way for me, but I will set some boundaries. But of course I also know that it is for my own best, they do it because they love me.

Social Time In The Life Of A Man And Society :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays Sociology

Social Time In The Life Of A Man And Society ABSTRACT: The subject of this paper is social time-the peculiarities of the Past-Present-Future in social processes, and their unbreakable connection. I also focus on the necessity of taking stock of time in human activities and in the societal development. The Past in progress of society signifies the Already-happened which has become the possession of history. This Past exerts an enormous influence on the Present, determining it both directionally and functionally. The Present includes the Present itself, a part of the Past, and some elements of the Future. It represents the only reality for human beings as life is lived in the Present only. The Present creates the material and spiritual preconditions for the Future. Resolution of contemporary global problems is crucial for our Future which runs sequentially in three stages: immediate Future, visible Future and distant Future. All three exert influence on the Present by providing ideological and informational images. Time disciplin es our minds and wills, organizes our actions and promotes our cognitions of the Past, the Present and the Future. All the scientific philosophical systems, worked out in the history of mankind, have a big methodological and educational meaning. Separate categories, like social time, having attributive qualities are not an exception. Everyone: a scientist, a politician, an ordinary person, the whole mankind can't help taking into account the factor of time in their life and activities. We can say that they need it like the air to breath. That is why time was investigated in the theoretical systematized form by well-known philosophers and scientists of the past centuries - Aristotle, Augustine, Kant, Newton, Hegel, Marx, and ones of the Modern Age - Einstein, Russell, Heiddeger, Spirkin, etc. Each of them contributed to the understanding of time and its qualities. The most important issues of the past can be summarized in the following statements. Time is an attribute of the matter, its integral quality; time is indissolubly connected with space and motion; there is no "absolute" time in the material world. Time in the form of category, being abstract, can exist only in the theory and be used in scientific purposes. Time has important qualities: objectivity, that is it exists as the matter irrespective of our will and consciousness; it is characterized by the eternity of its duration - it has neither begging nor end; and it is contradictory. The latter means: from the one hand, time is eternal, on the other hand, all objects and processes exist for a certain time and have an end.

Pearl River Piano Company Essay

Pearl River Piano Group (PRPG) was established in 1956 by bringing together six small piano shops in Guangzhou. The group of 100 employees produced only 13 pianos that year. After many attempts, Guangzhou technicians were finally satisfied with the tone color and quality of its first manufactured piano, and in a short time it was sold in Hong Kong. It would be twenty years before the factory was able to prove its potential. As a State -owned enterprise PRPG is accountable to the Guangzhou municipal government. Investments from both Yamaha and Steinway & Sons have played a key role in the expansion of their production. In addition, PRPG has bought the German piano brand Ritmuller and will be expanding in the European market. Guangzhou, located at the north of the Pearl River delta, is an important trading center as well as a busy port and the capital city of the province of Guandong . The city has an area of over 16,000 square kilometers and a population of 6.7 million. Guangzhou is a lso one of the most important centers of foreign commerce in South China. There are a lot of interesting legends concerning its past. One of the beautiful stories which gives the city its name Goat Town says that five gods riding on five goats brought the first grain to the city. In 1959 PRPG consisted of a shed on the side of the street to repair pianos. Later a shelter was built to process the wood. At that time the pianos were carried in a cart with men walking barefoot to the port. During the tumultuous of Mao Zedong’s Cultural Revolution in the 1960’s and 1970’s, few Chinese dared to buy a piano, which symbolized the West’s decadent and bourgeois society. Learning the piano was frowned upon at that time. The factory didn’t stop making pianos. However, they were lucky if they sold more than one hundred pianos a year. In the meantime China’s one-child policy has created a culture where parents invest heavily in their children’s education. Parents like to spend money to improve their children’s educ ation and culture and this has paid off for PRPG. Nearly 80%of their pianos are sold in China. Pianos have caught on in China. PRPG’s domestic shipments climbed even throughout Asia’s financial crisis. During the1960’s companies such as Yamaha took advantage of low labor costs to enter the global and domestic market. They were quietly followed my South Korea. For years the musical instrument business was dominated by U.S. and European companies. But this has been changing now for decades. In 1992 Tong Zhi Cheng took control of the company. He had worked for only one company during his adult life, the state-owned PRPG. When Tong took over pianos were fairly common in households in Europe and the U.S. for nearly two centuries, but in China they have been a luxury. In 1995 PRPG and Yamaha Pianos of Japan forged a $10 million joint venture. They set up a company called Yamaha-Pearl River. This company was set up to make certain â€Å"Eterna† models that are exported to Europe and the USA. Unlike China’s typically backward state-owned companies, PRPG is savvy about brands and looks for new products to sell. Tong bought a mature German brand Ritmà ¼ller in 1999. In addition he has struck a deal with Steinway & Sons to produce their Essex line of pianos. Today, PRPG consists of a factory spanning 2 million square feet–the world’s biggest piano plant–cranks out 250 pianos every day. White-smocked workers steer computer-driven kilns that bake oak planks en masse. Individual piano keys are hand-checked for precision and balance. Five pairs of ears listen to each piano’s tuning, speeding another instrument out the door–and into America’s living rooms. Just two years after Pearl River set up a U.S. sales arm, its high- quality, low-priced pianos have snared 10% of the market, and the company vows to capture a 25% share by 2005. It already has won the hearts and minds of some U.S. consumers.

Summary of the Case on Uganda

Summary of the case The Charles Martin in Uganda story shows how companies can often be at adds with a manager who is managing operations in a distant land. The values and normal tendencies of a company can sometimes be interpreted much differently by the manager on the ground. In this example, we will look at how Charles Martin dealt with cultural differences of Uganda and the U. S. -based Hydro Generation (HG) Company. On the surface, the diverse culture could be seen as a turn off to foreign companies, but HG, with the help of Charles Martin’s life experiences and scholastic knowledge of the region saw an opportunity to grow in Uganda.But at first glance this may prove to be difficult for HG. This was HG’s first pursuit of business in Africa ,so growing pains were almost certainly be felt. Like many African countries, Uganda has a tumultuous history. With the dictatorship of Idi Amin ruling with an iron fist, life in Uganda was difficult (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sulliv an, 2011). A diverse country in terms of religious sects, Christianity is the majority, though there is a large number of Muslims among many other religions (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2011).In terms of language spoken, English is the official language, however many speak only an indigenous language such as Bantu or Nilotic (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2011). In addition the history, language, and religion, HG Company had to also take into consideration the tribal normalcy’s as well as business normalcies in Uganda . With the pending displacement of 700 villagers (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2011), HG was now faced with its first major hurdle that most companies will face when expanding globally.This hurdle is best described in how to best coexist with the cultural norms of a country. Instead of trying to simply impose the will of HG Company, they assembled a package that they felt would best benefit those being displaced. HG (hydro generation) is U. S based comp any. Specialist in power plants (dams). It values strongly built in the Christian culture. It has built plants 16 countries maintained an ownership an about half of them. The Uganda is its first anywhere in Africa. Because their construction involves huge amount of capitalUganda: Uganada officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. Uganda is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by South Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by Tanzania. The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, which is also shared by Kenya and Tanzania. Uganda takes its name from the Buganda kingdom, which encompasses a large portion of the south of the country including the capital Kampala.The people of Uganda were hunter-gatherers until 1,700 to 2,300 years ago, when Bantu-speaking populations migrated to the southern parts of the country. Uganda gained independence from Britain on 9 October 1962. Language Uganda is a multilingual country. Forty of its living indigenous languages. Fall into three main families – Bantu, Nilotic, and Central Sudanic – with another 2 languages in the Kuliak family. English, inherited from the colonial period, and Swahili, which is regionally important, are official languages. There is also a Ugandan Sign Language. all of the Bantu speaking areas of Uganda, dialect continua are very common. For example, people around Mbarara in Ankole District speak Nkole and people from Fort Portal in Toro District speak Tooro, but in the area between those towns one will find villages where most of the people speak a dialect which is best characterized as intermediate between Nkole and Tooro. In recognition of the closeness of four of these languages (Nkole, Tooro, Kiga, and Nyoro), and in order to facilitate work in them such as teaching, a standardized version called â€Å"Runyakitara† was developed around 1990. In south central Uganda, the Bantu languages of Luganda and Soga are largely interintelligible. Religion: Uganda is a predominantly Christian country with a significant (about 12%) Muslim minority. The Northern and West Nile regions are dominated by Roman Catholics and Iganga District in the east of the country has the highest percentage of Muslims. Freedom of religion is guaranteed by the Uganda Constitution but religions are expected to be registered with the government and some religions considered cults are restricted.The Catholic Church, the Church of Uganda, Orthodox Church, and the Uganda Muslim Supreme Council (UMSC) are registered under the Trustees Incorporation Act and most other religious groups are registered yearly as Non-Government Organizations. Economy: Endowed with significant natural resources, including ample fertile land, regular rainfall, and mineral deposits, it is thought that Uganda could feed the whole of Africa if it was commercially farmed. The economy of Uganda has great potential, and it appeared poised for rapid economic growth and development.However, chronic political instability and erratic economic management produced a record of persistent economic decline that has left Uganda among the world's poorest and least-developed countries. The national energy needs have historically been more than domestic energy generation, though large petroleum reserves have been found in the west. After the turmoil of the Amin period, the country began a program of economic recovery in 1981 that received considerable foreign assistance. From mid-1984 onward, however, overly expansionist fiscal and monetary policies and the renewed outbreak of civil strife led to a setback in economic performance.Uganda began issuing its own currency in 1966 through the Bank of Uganda. Prior to the failure of the East African Currency Board, Uganda used other countries' currency. Agricultural products supply nearly all of Uganda's foreign exchange earnings, with coffee alone (of which Uganda is Africa's leading producer) accounting for about 27% of the country's exports in 2002. The industrial sector is being rehabilitated to resume production of building and construction materials, such as cement, reinforcing rods, corrugated roofing sheets, and paint.Domestically produced consumer goods include plastics, soap, cork, beer, and soft drinks. Major Cement manufacturers like ‘Tororo Cement Ltd' caters to the need of building and construction material consumers across East Africa. Hydro generation: HG (hydro generation) is U. S based company. Specialist in power plants (dams). It values strongly built in the Christian culture. It has built plants 16 countries maintained an ownership an about half of them. The Uganda is its first anywhere in Africa.Because their construction involves huge amount of capital and because many groups opposes their construction on the grounds that they typically displace large groups of people. HG wanted to bu ild as many local allies as possible for its Ugandan projects in order to prevent adverse publicity that could lead demonstrations and costly work stoppages. Its employees have a high degree of empowerment, being fully responsible for their actions. There is no code of conduct concerning expatriates lifestyle, but its corporate culture was one that reflected the lifestyle of a prosperous international company.

Covalent or Molecular Compound Properties

Covalent or Molecular Compound Properties Covalent or  molecular compounds  contain atoms held together by covalent bonds. These bonds form when the atoms share electrons because they have similar electronegativity values. Covalent compounds are a diverse group of molecules, so there are several exceptions to each rule. When looking at a compound and trying to determine whether it is an ionic compound or a covalent compound, its best to examine several properties of the sample.  These are properties of covalent compounds. Properties of Covalent Compounds Most covalent compounds have relatively low melting points and boiling points.While the ions in an ionic compound are strongly attracted to each other, covalent bonds create molecules that can separate from each other when a lower amount of energy is added to them. Therefore, molecular compounds usually have low melting and boiling points.Covalent compounds usually have lower enthalpies of fusion and vaporization than ionic compounds.The enthalpy of fusion is the amount of energy needed, at constant pressure, to melt one mole of a solid substance. The enthalpy of vaporization is the amount of energy, at constant pressure, required to vaporize one mole of a liquid. On average, it takes only 1% to 10% as much heat to change the phase of a molecular compound as it does for an ionic compound.Covalent compounds tend to be soft and relatively flexible.This is largely because covalent bonds are relatively flexible and easy to break. The covalent bonds in molecular compounds cause these comp ounds to take form as gasses, liquids,  and soft solids. As with many properties, there are exceptions, primarily when molecular compounds assume crystalline forms. Covalent compounds tend to be more flammable than ionic compounds.Many flammable substances contain hydrogen and carbon atoms which can undergo combustion, a reaction that releases energy when the compound reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. Carbon and hydrogen have comparable electronegativies so they are found together in many molecular compounds.When dissolved in water, covalent compounds dont conduct electricity.Ions are needed to conduct electricity in an aqueous solution. Molecular compounds dissolve into molecules rather than dissociate into ions, so they typically do not conduct electricity very well when dissolved in water.Many covalent compounds dont dissolve well in water.There are many exceptions to this rule, just as there are many salts (ionic compounds) that dont dissolve well in water. However, many covalent compounds are polar molecules that do dissolve well in a polar solvent, such as water. Examples of molecular compounds that dissolve well in w ater are sugar and ethanol. Examples of molecular compounds that dont dissolve well in water are oil and polymerized plastic. Note that network solids are compounds containing covalent bonds that violate some of these rules. Diamond, for example, consists of carbon atoms held together by covalent bonds in a crystalline structure. Network solids typically are transparent, hard, good insulators and have high melting points. Learn More Do you need to know more? Learn the  difference between an ionic and covalent bond,  get  examples of covalent compounds, and understand how to predict formulas of compounds containing polyatomic ions.

Chock-full

Chock-full Chock-full Chock-full By Maeve Maddox A reader came across the following sentence in an online advertisement for a local homeschool conference: Enjoy a day chalk full of speakers and vendors while you are there! She speculated that the misspelling of chalk for chock could have been intentional, given the nature of the conference, but decided that it was just an error and that the writer had intended to invite readers to a day chock-full of speakers and vendors. The person who wrote the ad probably pronounces chalk /CHAWK/ to rhyme with rock /ROK/. The expression chock-full means â€Å"filled so as to leave no vacant space; cram-full; stuffed full; full to suffocation.† The expression has been in English with different spellings since the 15th century. Modern dictionaries, such as the OED and Merriam-Webster, give chock-full as the main form and choke-full as a variant. The Ngram Viewer shows chock-full taking the lead in printed books in the 1830s and choke-full plunging toward flat-lining in the 20th century. Not always spelled according to the dictionary standard (chock-full), the expression is popular in headlines and articles about various subjects: Yesterday, NBC  announced  a schedule that will be chock full of brand new programming. Those in attendance will get a hands-on preview of Little Orbit’s hot fall lineup chock full of popular franchises including  Disney Planes. The FMC Tower Will Be Chock-Full of 268 AKA Residences You can tell blueberries are chockfull of antioxidants because of their dark color. Get ready for a weekend  chock-full  of Indian River Lagoon water activities   The new federal budget is chock-full of goodies for pollutocrats Centuries-Old Shipwreck Chock-Full Of Gold Found Off Finnish Coast Note: Another misspelling of chock-full is chuck-full: This November, South Dakota’s ballot will be chuck full of choices.- South Dakota government site. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?Italicizing Foreign Words20 Ways to Laugh

Organisational Change Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organisational Change Management - Essay Example Moreover, this paper will explore the available literature and theories that explain the issues in change and corporate sustainability. Basically, the issue of change management and sustainability is comprehensive and largely a contested concept. The review of academic research on organizational change and sustainability will provide an overview of the strategies and role of the management, as well as individuals in ensuring smooth transition. Notably, change as a process is very complex and depending on the way it is managed, it can produce either positive or negative results. Therefore, it is vital that adequate and relevant literature on change and sustainability is made available to managers. Organizational change and sustainability are global and touches on ecological sustainability, human capital development and management, corporate citizenship, as well as corporate social responsibility. Organisational sustainability is the long-term goal of organisational change and thus, it is highly crucial to determine the most viable change process. In covering literature on organisational change and sustainability, some important issues come up that includes among others human resource management, and strategic and environmental issues. Furthermore, organisational change can be explained as incremental and transformational at the same time. This paper has applied a diversified global perspective with general focus on areas such as organisational values exhibited by both managers and subordinates, organisational social and environmental relation, and finally theories that relate to change and organisational sustainability. Organisational Change and Sustainability Dunphy et al. (2007) studied the theme of change in corporations and how they could be managed as sustainable entities. The paper replicated the comprehensive knowledge in organisational change, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and corporate sustainability. The authors also studied the ways in which corporations can align economic culture with the welfare of the whole society. The paper indicated the power of communication based on the internet to open up societies and therefore facilitate the formation of a corporate community. Furthermore, Dunphy et al. (2007) established that it is through transformational or incremental change process that corporate sustainability is realized. The paper suggests that the size of an organisation has a profound effect on its change and sustainability. They made extensive use of case studies and critical vignettes in order to have a practical perspective of corporate sustainability as a result of change management. Basically, change is inevitable and thus the biggest challenge is how to manage the process in the future. Advanced and rapid technological growth coupled with a growing number of educated labor force and changing political environment contributed much in the increased organisational change needs. According to Guler and David (2008) , the theme of change has become an inseparable feature of the modern organisation. It is also evident that the global social-economic environment is ever changing, and thus organisations are forced to follow suit and keep pace, otherwise there is a greater risk of becoming obsolete in short period of time. However, although many organisations are joining the change ‘bandwagon’, only about 30 percent is attaining the targeted objectives

Performance Appraisal Processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Performance Appraisal Processes - Essay Example Therefore, for top quality employees the performance should take into consideration the results gained and focus on providing encouraging words or quotes to boost the employee’s morale and motivate him or her to continue working harder. The appraisals done should encourage the employees to focus more on their quantity or quality where necessary. The performance evaluations will target better performance among the empowered workers to ensure that they continue with the energy as they work. Â  The theory that is most consistent with empowerment is the job characteristics theory. It stresses on the fact that there are certain traits about the job a person has that will make him or her motivated to perform excellently. One important thing is that the employee has control over what he or she does and aims to do the best. The motivation, in this case, comes in when the workers are not given control or are given work that does not meet the various characteristics based on feedback, autonomy, task significance, and task identity and skill variety. As such it concurs with empowerment where a workers freedom increases and his or her potential exploited to the maximum. In the case of empowerment, the individual is given more control and independence to tackle various tasks and thus uses his skills to the highest. He or she does not look to meet an individual quota but to perform beyond what the company wants. Â  Landmark Dining is currently considering surveys and the various factors to consider would be competitiveness of the employees, teamwork that involves a relationship with co-workers, the job was done by the employee, communication between employees and senior management benefits, compensation relationship with Superior job security and chances of using the relevant jobs skills at work. The results from the voice system indicate the satisfaction of the customers on the services provided by the establishment.

Patterns Of Recidivism Related To Case Dispositions Of Thesis

Patterns Of Recidivism Related To Case Dispositions Of Alcohol-Impaired Driving Offenses. Harsher Punishment Means Less Recidivism Theory - Thesis Example This should act as a specific deterrence, whiche means that the offender is less likely to offend again. This is both because the greater charge will necessarily bring greater punishment, and the greater charge may be used to enhance penalties for future charges. If an offender pleads guilty to a driving while intoxicated, as opposed to pleading guilty to some other charge, like a driving while ability impaired, then that person has to contend with the harsher sentence of the DWI in comparison to the DWAI. He or she also has to contend with the consequences that radiate from this higher insurance rates, license revocation, etc. And, the offender must also know that, if he or she gets arrested again, he or she already has one DWI on his or her record, as opposed to having a DWAI on his or her record, so the penalties will be enhanced. Therefore, the basic premise of this study is that harsher penalties will result in less recidivism. The study at hand will hopefully illuminate whether this hypothesis is correct, as well as look at the effect that harsher penalties has on specific deterrence for the offender. Another basic premise is that plea bargaining to a lesser offense does not provide the proper deterrence to DWI offenders. The literature review will look at studies which shed light on this hypothesis, although whether or not harsher penalties, actually reduces recidivism or is the best method of reducing recidivism, is an open question. There are studies ( Moffatt & Poynton, 2007; Salzburg & Paulsrude, 1984; Yu, 1994) which state that harsher penalties do in fact reduce recidivism, but the literature also suggests that other methods may also reduce recidivism, perhaps to the extent that harsher penalties do or even more than harsher penalties. For instance, studies (Streff et al., 2001; Guerin & Pitts, 2002) suggest that a pre-trial diversion, which means that the offender does not plead guilty to any charge, but, rather, agrees to enter a rehabilitation p rogram and, upon successful completion, will have the charges against him dropped, are successful in preventing repeat offenders. Ignition interlock is another method which has shown promise in this regard(Popkin et al., 1992 ). Therefore, harsher penalties are not necessarily the final word on whether or not an offender recidivates, and the challenge of this study is to determine if the harsher penalties, and lack of plea bargaining, offers a better outcome for recidivism then do alternative methods. Literature Bolstering The Theory that Harsher Punishment Means Less Recidivism One of the theories regarding criminal recidivism is that it is generally reduced when the punishment is swift, certain, and severe (Moffatt & Poynton, 2007). However, it is unclear whether swift, certain, and severe punishment actually do deter repeat offenses. For instance, Nichols & Ross examined the literature surrounding whether actual incarceration results in less recidivism. They looked at several stu dies which tracked recividism rates for offenders who were incarcerated at either a general facility, like a jail or prison, or a special facility, such as an intensive treatment lockup. In reviewing these studies, Nichols & Ross found that, in five of the studies, there was no reduction in recividism. One study which found that traditional lockups did not reduce recividism, but special facilities did. One study which found that a traditional prison and a special facility showed no difference in recividism. And one study which found that incarceration reduced recividism for first-time offenders. Since

National Kidney Foundation Leadership

National Kidney Foundation Leadership In 2005, National Kidney Foundation faced a leadership crisis that raised many public issues that became the subject of much scrutiny. A public issue is any issue that is of mutual concern to an organization and one or more of its stakeholders. With regards to National Kidney Foundation (NKF), both the organization and its stakeholders were concerned over the issue of funds being misused, a lack of transparency and the lack of enforcement of laws internally. The emergence of these issues has not only raised media attention but also became the subject of much controversy. It has resulted in public backlash and has definitely shaken public confidence in charitable organizations. The main ethical issue which surfaced was NKFs misuse and mismanagement of the funds primarily donated by the public. As a non-profit organization, NKFs public mission was to help needy patients. Though they were effective in using both the media and campaigns to garner donations to support their cause, these funds were misused. As stated in the case study, trials revealed that the claims made by an article published in the Straits Times in 2004, about NKFs Chief Executive Officer, T T Durai alluding to wastefulness and extravagance were in fact true. There was excessive spending made by T T Durai such as a gold tap that had been installed in the executive bathroom and personal luxuries including a fleet of eight cars that came together with company drivers. In addition, given that TT Durai was entitled business class flight by SIA, as a trustee over donors money, Durai should get best value on a business class seat instead of using it for first class on another plane (NKF v SPH: Cou rt Transcript for July 11th 2005 Morning Session). Instead of using the funds for the right purposes such as to help NKFs patients, T T Durai had misappropriately used the funds for his personal wants. Another major issue to be discussed is the lack of transparency with regards to being accountable on how NKFs funds collected from donors were utilised. There was a lack of a transparent system in documenting managment minutes at NKF. The meeting minutes was an important documentation reflecting the discussions and decisions of how NKFs funds should be utilised. The fact that it went missing may have given the public the impression that NKF was negligent in its duties. When the funds of the NKF were not properly accounted for, the public become skeptical and doubtful of NKF. People start to lose trust in the NKF as they become suspicious that NKF is just another bourgeois conspiracy. Corporate governance refers to the process by which a company is controlled, or governed. In having systems of internal governance that determine the overall strategic direction and balance conflicting interests that may arise, such is crucial to the organizations performance. In helping to establish an effective internal governance structure, the board members play a central role. They are responsible for setting missions and aims that take into account stakeholder interests, develop comprehensive policies and appointing a committee of top-level personnel to execute these policies. However, in NKFs case, the lack of a enforcement of policies within the internal governance structure among the Board members has led to repercussions. The actions of the Board members have contributed to these problems. Under the Executive Committee, approval of proposals were made by default without seeking the overall consensus of the board. Furthermore, the audit committee failed to receive necessary the necessary support from the EC and fellow members in implementing necessary internal control measures. As such, negligence from each department snowballed into an undesirable consequence that the NKF had to bear. Due to the fact that there was insufficient discipline in part by each committee, these were the main contributing factors to the problems. In addition, NKF provided no avenues for the public to give constructive feedback to improve its performance. Essentially, the failure of the Board members to employ good corporate governance had brought to light serious concerns over Durais fund raising strategies. Despite NKFs mischief, its fund raising strategies were very efficient . As a non-profit organization, NKFs main aim was to look after its patients and encompassed drawing resources from society to contribute back to society as a whole. To do this, NKF has successfully employed an interactive stance in engagement with the public to raise funds for charity. The introduction of the NKF live charity show since 1994 incorporated stunts performed by foreign and local celebrities in exchange for donations. Such a method was effective as they appealed to the public, raising $4.5 million in 1994 which slowly grew to $16.8 million in the 2004 show. This suggests that NKFs fund raising strategies were effective as they involved enthusiasm in adopting creative and innovative methods to genuinely raise funds for the greater good of patients. It was through these funds raised that patients benefited tremendously. Optimists have also supported Durais fund raising strategies as NKF has successfully reached out to different segments of the community, both the young and old. Besides having a charity show where the public can pledge their support, these additional strategies include using telemarketing techniques to recruit and retain donors, coupled with the recruitment of students and National Servicemen to raise funds via pledge cards. These initiatives illustrate Durais inherent motivation in garnering increased donations for its patients. By promoting its fund raising strategies through different avenues, this helped NKF to reach out to a wider spectrum of people, targeting the public from different age and backgrounds. Applying a two pronged approach, Durais fund raising strategies can also be applauded for having long term vision. He realized that besides the direct implementation of policies to raise funds, what was needed for NKF to garner substantial funds was to build its brand image. Under his helm, NKF increased its brand image locally by implementing a complimentary Cabby Health Screening Program and engaging local media channels through programs such as Health Maters. Through these, there was an emphasis that NKF strictly enforces a non-discriminatory approach when it comes to raising awareness about the disease in that every individual, regardless of background could be susceptible to the disease. Its network of dialysis centres was also expanded, providing accessible and affordable healthcare to the public. In the international arena, Durai strived to increase brand recognition by getting endorsement from public and international leaders and having their success story written by credible sources. NKFs programs were also promoted via renowned Brazillian soccer legend, Pele. Forward planning in directly raising funds and increasing brand image has thus helped NKF encourage a larger recognition of its practices and consequently, a substantial pool of donations. However, critics have argued that such fund raising techniques are too aggressive and have deviated from the motto of its organisation. Although NKF recruited the younger generation to raise funds through pledge cards, this was not done purely out of goodwill but in exchange for monetary incentives. Similarly, by consciously seeking and obtaining endorsements from public and international leaders as well as the employment of credible sources to write their success stories, their reputation and credibility is in question. Although these acts ultimately increase the brand recognition of the foundation, which is crucial to the attraction of donors, they display NKFs aggressiveness and possible misdirection in their techniques. Although important, a charitable non-profit organisations branding is fundamentally secondary to its mission and purpose. The deontology approach is defined as the approach to ethics that focuses on the good and evil of the act alone, not necessarily the outcome. Using the deontology approach, T T Durai may be deem as unethical as the intent to fundraise may be a misrepresentation of the NKF and therefore deceiving the public to donate more. In this aspect, his fund raising strategies are unethical as the means differ from what is advocated by the company. Setting executive compensation is one important function of the Board members. In NKFs case, the lack of corporate governance has also caused Durais compensation package to be the subject of much controversy. With the ongoing issues associated with NKF, cynics have felt that the compensation package remunerated to Durai was excessive. Durai was paid bonuses ranging between 4 months and 12 months which was not what one would expect to receive considering that he is working in a charitable organisation. Prima Facie, although his bonuses may seem to be over evaluated, Durai is not overpaid as he deserves to be rewarded for the outstanding results he achieved for NKF. In building NKFs brand image and employing successful fund raising techniques, Durai managed to increase the amount of donations that were raised through the NKF charity show from $4.5 million in 1994 to $16.8 million in 2004. Under his leadership, he was also awarded the Public Service Bar by the Singaporean government in 1992 for his contribution to NKF and expanded NKFs network of dialysis centres for its patients. Thus, from the perspective of distributive justice, the benefit of Durai being highly paid is ethical as much of the success of NKF was due to Durais tremendous efforts. In relation to the average salary other top executives are paid, Durai is not overpaid as his salary of $25,000 a month coincides with what individuals holding top management positions are paid. Furthermore, Tan Choo Leng, wife of former Prime Minister Goh Chong Tong commented that Durais salary was peanuts compared with the donations the high-flyer raised for the organization. [1] This suggests that based on his contributions towards NKF, Durai, such a high salary is justified and will provide an incentive for motivation to increase NKFs performance. In relation to Durais compensation package, there will always be differing views and there is no right or wrong to it. The reason why individuals feel that Durai may be overpaid may be due to the fact that NKF is a non-profit organization that should not be so concerned with profits. Perhaps, NKF should consider the views of the public, compare the salary of top managers with those of average employees and quantify the efforts of the management relative to their remunerations. In light of the 2005 NKF saga and its various spin-offs that have dominated the domestic news, there are several changes that can be adopted so that the same problems would not happen again. Essentially, there is a need for proper governance to ensure that corporate objectives are established, stakeholder interests are protected and the managements performance in check. In proposing the possible changes that could be adopted, analysis of the Stakeholder Map is imperative to determine the various positions of the stakeholders in terms of salience and position on the issues put forth earlier. Through stakeholders reactions to these issues, it is useful in determining possible changes that are crucial to ensure that NKFs decisions and actions are in line with stakeholders interests, to prevent such problems in the future. With collaborative involvement with these key stakeholders, the possibility of problems arising would be reduced as well. * * For Position on the issue Salience refers to how important an issue is, or how much attention it brings to NKF. When stakeholders have salience, they usually have power to assert a large impact on NKF, urgency in demanding NKF to do something about the issues or legitimacy which refers to the level of appropriateness of the stakeholders actions towards the issues. In the above stakeholder map, the public have the highest salience on the issue as they have high urgency and legitimacy. Since the funds of NKF are primarily contributed by the public, strong violations from these donors over the issue of misuse of funds would warrant much media attention. In proposing the possible changes that could be made, NKF needs to recognize that they are not able to operate independently. The survivability and performance of NKF then hinges on its effectiveness in engaging with varied stakeholders and recognizing their interests, especially the public. By aligning the publics interests with NKFs objectives, this would prevent the widening of the performance expectations gap, reducing the likelihood of these problems re-occurring. Hence, one area that could be improved on is information transparency and disclosure to the public. Steps should be taken to ensure transparency where there is communication to ensure involvement of the public. The public should be informed on new developments either through press conferences or releases. The companys financial activity should also be made known to the public with clear intentions, and certified by known accounting firms. This can be done through regular emails or letters that are sent out to donors or invitations to annual general meetings so that the public can contribute their views. By being accountable for the funds, the public would be more informed on how the funds received by NKF are spent, increasing the reliability of NKF. This would increase their confidence in donating towards NKF. Fostering a stronger relationship with the public will also help to reap benefits for NKF. NKF should reach out in engaging the general public through social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter to provide the public with the opportunity to voice out their opinions on company decisions. Such an interaction will allow NKF to draw upon the publics reactions and societal expectations to further boost NKFs reputation. By constantly updating these platforms with information or messages NKF wishes to convey to the public, this helps in the publics understanding of what NKF is doing. Beyond that, the public will also feel reassured that their interests are considered, building support for NKFs practices. Besides the public, the employees of NKF have low salience as they have been obscured on these issues. Due to the nature of their job, individual influence on any decision-making by the board is minimal. However, they must realise that they play a part on the issues revolving NKFs misconducts. By turning a blind eye to the misdeeds mentioned above or worse, taking part in it, these employees accommodate the problem and only allows it to escalate further. They must realise, that themselves being part of the organisation, they have a responsibility to act against any deviation from the mission of the foundation and a collective effort can prevent the history from repeating itself. Therefore, employees can have high salience if they collaborated and worked together, ensuring that the organization does not stray away from its core values. Upon futher analysis of the stakeholder map in relation to the employees of NKF, policies should also be employed to better ensure the organizations governing structure. For example, a system based on adequate internal controls should be introduced. In the instance of NKF, it is evident that there was a failure to adhere to internal audit controls as it was stated that the audit committee was to meet every 3 months to review audit plans and evaluate the adequacy of the internal control systems but they had never met. Furthermore, the committee failed to implement recommendations spelt out by internal auditors due to lack of support. Thus, NKF should outsource its internal audits to external auditors from independent accounting firms. Having such an unbiased third party ensures that corporate governance is enhanced as there is impartiality with regards to NKFs auditing processes. Although adoption of stringent practices may incur high costs, it is worth the investment to prevent the future misuse of funds. Such a practice would ensure that there is a system of checks to ensure funds are managed in line with the organizations mission, preventing financial lapses in the future. The members of the board should also only contain a few members that are current managers of NKF. The remaining members should be independent in the sense that they have no connection whatsoever to the corporation other than being a Board member. These members should either be appointed or elected by shareholders. In addition, the performance of each member should be reviewed regularly to assess if they were competent enough in assuming their responsibilities. Although NKFs Board members were volunteers who served in the belief that every member was acting in the best interests of the foundation, they normally approved proposals by default instead of through collective decision making. This meant that decisions were not made on a consensus basis but based on a hierarchal structure with the CEO having the dominant say, which resulted in the problems aforementioned. With a board comprising various key stakeholders, both internally and externally, greater transparency will be present an d the individual interests of major stakeholders will not be compromised. With greater transparency, the public would be assured that NKF has no intentions of hiding certain facts but are assuming their responsibilities. In moving forward to ensure that the NKF operates in an accountable and transparent manner, the initiative to align every committee members and employees responsibilities to NKFs mission is crucial. The Board members, together with the Chief Executive Officer have a responsibility to set future directions for the organization. The issues that surfaced at NKF were evidently due to the lack of governance in ensuring that stringent measures were implemented to ensure committees were compliant. Hence, the top management should incorporate regular discussions to remind employees of NKFs prime objectives, review performance and set new directions and foster team spirit in meeting these goals. NKF can also seek to provide employees with more say in broad decision making. Employees must also be made aware the channels for whistling and encouraged to flag when they feel that things are not right. By doing so, this will enforce that employees have a common and clear knowledge of the companys p ractices. It is evident from the stakeholder map that the government has high salience pertaining to these issues due to power in asserting a large impact. The opinions of the government on NKF will greatly impact the reactions and actions of the public and thus, should not be neglected. In hindsight, having a sound internal governing structure is the first step in preventing the future problems from occurring. The NKF saga was a result of a lack of accountability and mismanagement of funds which was further intensified as NKF was not transparent about meeting the publics interest and allocating the funds in the best possible manner. While the interest and needs of stakeholders are ever changing, NKFs attempts in balancing the varying interests and aligning them in the organizations direction is of utmost importance. This can only be achieved with good corporate governance.In doing so, the successful operation of NKF will establish trust within the government and translate to a win-win situation for both NKF and its stakeholders.

What is outsourcing Essay -- Globalization essays, research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is Outsourcing? It is a method in which companies subcontract labor and support to outside agencies (Klepper, 1997). How, why, and who companies outsource to are quickly becoming social topics of discussion in our society. Everyone seems to have an opinion on outsourcing. I bet that I can walk into a social gathering right now and hear discussions like â€Å"outsourcing is good for the American consumer† or outsourcing takes jobs away from all of the hard working Americans.† In either case, outsourcing has raised great concerns over its effects on the American economy. In this paper, I will discuss the types of outsourcing, pros and cons associated with outsourcing, management views of outsourcing, employee views of outsourcing, and give my opinion of outsourcing. What does outsourcing do? It enables companies to focus on the mission at hand, to save money and be competitive. Depending on a Company’s needs determines the type of outsourcing that company may use (Embleton, 1998). Outsourcing is a very diverse market, and there are many different outsourcing options from. Two common types of outsourcing I will focus on are Information Technology (IT) outsourcing and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) (Bowen, 1998). Through research, I found that Information Technology (IT) Outsourcing is a rapidly growing market. I.T. outsourcing enables companies to continue to manage their core business, while outside agencies manage their technology needs (Bowen, 1998). It’s a way of getting rid of those high paid, college graduated employees. I.T. outsourcing allows companies to use cost-cutting methods to cover computing needs, large mainframe and midrange data center, manage numerous networks and run desktops across the globe (Bowen, 1998). Advantages of outsourcing information technology include, but are not limited to, less capital expenditure, less management headache, and keeping focus on core competencies. Less capital expenditure means a company does not have to buy expensive hardware and software. Less management headache relieves companies of having to hire and manage accounting personnel. Keeping focus on core competencies affords companies’ time to strengthen and gain a competitive edge over the competition (DiRomualdo, 1998). Disadvantages of outsourcing information include less managerial control, may be more expensive, and Sec... ...Workers in developing nations will get new and higher-paying jobs, and consumers in the U.S. will be able to buy products that are cheaper than if they were made at home. But is this really good for our society. We will soon find out. References Bowen. T and LaMonica, M. (1998). IT gets picky with outsourcing. Infoworld 20(33), 1-3 De Rose, L. (2004). The Downside to Outsourcing. Electronic Buyers’ News. July 14, Issue 1066. DiRomualdo, A & Gurbaxani. (1998). Strategic intent for IT outsourcing. Sloan Management Review. 39(4), 115. Earl, M.J. (1996). The risks of outsourcing IT. Sloan Management Review. 37(3), 26-33. Embleton, P.R & Wright, P.C. (1998). A practical guide to successful outsourcing. Empowerment in Organizations. 6(3), 1-11 Hayes, R and Pisano, G. (1994). Beyond World-Class: The New Manufacturing Strategy. Harvard Business Review. 72(1). Klepper, R & Jones, W. (1997). Outsourcing information Technology, Systems and Services. Prentice Hall. Nicholas, J. (1998). Competitive Manufacturing Management (Singapore:McGraw-Hill). Chapter 19, Managing the Supply Chain, pg 672 Strassmann, P.A. (1995). Outsourcing: A Game for Losers. Computerworld. August 21.

Monomyth

The Little Mermaid â€Å"Up where they walk, up where they run, up where they stay all day in the sun. Wandering free, wish I could be, part of that world. † Ariel sings this in the beginning of The Little Mermaid after an adventure with Flounder. She wishes to be a human with legs and live the way the humans do. The Little Mermaid is an example of a monomyth, also called a heroic adventure. Ariel may not seem like a so-called-typical-hero throughout the majority of the movie, but she has her own heroic ways.Three characteristics of a hero are a remarkable birth, troubled childhood, and being able to rely on ones natural strength. Ariel grows up with several sisters, no mother and a father who is the king of the sea, King Triton. She was miserable being a mermaid and knew that she had to find her own way to escape the sea. Ariel’s call to adventure began when one night, Ariel, Flounder and an unwilling Sebastian travel to the ocean surface to watch a celebration for the birthday of Prince Eric on a ship, with whom Ariel falls in love with.In the ensuing storm the ship is destroyed and Ariel saves the unconscious Eric from drowning. Ariel sings to him, but quickly leaves as soon as he regains consciousness to avoid being discovered. Fascinated by the memory of her voice, Eric vows to find who saved and sung to him and Ariel vows to find a way to join him and his world. Her option then comes along and is given to her by the sea hag, Ursula’s, electric eels, Flotsam and Jetsam. They give her the option to come with them to Ursula who can change Ariel into a human, or she can stay and be miserable her whole life.In every heroic adventure the main hero needs to receive help along his/her journey. Ursula makes a deal with Ariel to transform her into a human for three days in exchange for Ariel's voice When Ursula used her magic to turn Ariel into a human and take away her voice that was Ariel’s supernatural aid because it caused her to be able to go and win Eric’s heart. But it’s also bittersweet because Ariel must receive the â€Å"kiss of true love† from Eric; otherwise, she will transform back into a mermaid and belong to Ursula. Ariel’s quest is now in motion and she must find Eric.Instead Eric finds Ariel on the beach and takes her to his castle. Ariel spends time with Eric, and at the end of the second day, they almost kiss but Flotsam and Jetsam flip their boat and ruin it. That was Ariel’s first obstacle. Ursula then disguises herself as a beautiful young woman named Vanessa and appears onshore singing with Ariel's voice. Eric recognizes the song and, in her disguise, Ursula casts a hypnotic enchantment on Eric to make him forget about Ariel. The next day, Ariel finds out that Eric will be married to the disguised Ursula.Scuttle discovers that Vanessa is Ursula in disguise, and informs Ariel who immediately goes after the wedding barge. This is Ariel’s second obstacle . Sebastian informs Triton, and Scuttle disrupts the wedding with the help of various animals. In the chaos, the nautilus shell around Ursula's neck is broken, restoring Ariel's voice and breaking Ursula's enchantment over Eric. Eric rushes to kiss her, but the sun sets and Ariel transforms back into a mermaid. Ursula reveals herself and kidnaps Ariel. Ariel now faces her final test.Triton confronts Ursula and demands Ariel's release, but the deal is inviolable. At Ursula's urging, the king agrees to take Ariel's place as Ursula's prisoner. Ariel is released as Triton transforms into a polyp and loses his authority over Atlantica. Ursula declares herself the new ruler and a struggle ensues in which Ursula accidentally kills Flotsam and Jetsam. In her rage, Ursula uses the trident to grow to monstrous proportions. Ariel and Eric reunite on the surface just before Ursula grows past and towers the two.She then gains full control of the entire ocean, creating a storm with a maelstrom an d shipwrecks, one of which Eric commandeers. As Ursula attempts to destroy a trapped Ariel in the maelstrom, Eric runs Ursula through the abdomen with the ship's splintered bowsprit killing her. Ursula's power breaks, causing Triton and all the other polyps in Ursula's garden to revert back into their original forms. Realizing that Ariel truly loves Eric, Triton willingly changes her from a mermaid into a human. Ariel and Eric marry on a ship and depart.

Own Self Concepts Essay

Own Self Concepts SPC 2300 – 12 Own Self Concepts 1. Define one change you would like to make in yourself. It might be a behavior or anything about yourself that you would like to alter. * I would like to change one of my behaviors about myself. The worst quality about me is that I am always late no matter what the case may be. I am not late on purpose, but it seems like something always puts me behind schedule. It drives both my family and friends crazy. They have learned when I say I will be there in thirty minutes, to expect me in about an hour. This is a behavior of mine that I need to work on immediately. . Write a specific goal for making the change, being sure your goal is realistic and fair. Use affirming, motivational language in your goal. For example, â€Å"I will show my best friends that I am paying attention when they talk to me. † * This is something about myself I have needed to change for a long time. It is not something I do intentionally to drive my f amily and friends crazy. I need to become a little more time oriented, so that I can be where I say I am going to be, at a certain time. I will show my family and friends that I can be on time to their events. My first goal is to sit down with a calendar, and write down already known events and times. This way I will not schedule more than one event at a time. Next, by having a planner, I can add any new events that occur in future. I will be able to check available dates and make sure I have nothing already planned. Lastly, by sticking to my schedule and planning ahead it should reduce the amount of time I am late. I know I always have to expect the unexpected, but at least I have control over the already known about. 3. Observe or think of others who are models for what you want to be. Write down what they do. For example, â€Å"Tracy nods a lot and repeats back what others say so they know she is listening. † * A model person for me to observe and take tips from would be my mother. She will have a whole list of things to accomplish within her day, and gets them all done and on time. She has a monthly day planner that she carries with her at all times. She always makes sure to add important and upcoming events, as well as any of her daily to-dos to the planner. My mom also makes sure not to make more plans than she can fulfill within her day. It seems to work for my mom, so I don’t see why it wouldn’t work for me. . What context or setting is required for you to achieve your goal? For example, â€Å"I will talk with my friends in private, distraction-free settings. † * I will need to follow the schedule I set for myself and not let myself get distracted from my original plans. It might even be good for my family and friends to be a little bit stricter when it co mes to my tardiness. For the most part, this behavior is something I have to train myself on. No one else can do this for me. I have got to learn how to manage my time better, so that I will arrive at events when I am supposed to be there. . Identify potential barriers to the change. Some potential barriers that may cause some problems for my change will be the exact people who request the change of me. I will admit that I do control a lot of my tardiness, but not all of it is my fault. I will be on my way somewhere, when a friend asks me to do something for them. They promise it will only take five minutes. At that point, it is usually over an hour when they are done with me. I have got to learn to tell my family and friends no sometimes, in order to fulfill prior obligations.